GovTwin / Institution
Kamalganj (Moulvibazar)
Local Gov
A tea-estate and forest upazila of Moulvibazar home to Lawachara National Park, with extensive plantation labour and mixed evergreen hill forest.
Wealth rank 187/452
(1 = poorest upazila)
Indicators: Meta RWI (HDX); ERA5-Land; MODIS; Sentinel-5P; VIIRS night-lights; GHSL; Hansen v1.11; CHIRPS v2.0. Exposure: GloFAS v2.1, FABDEM, MODIS LST, ACAG PM2.5, WorldPop 2020.
Problems and issues
- environment The Lawachara-area mixed evergreen and hill forest faces encroachment from estate and settlement expansion that eats into natural forest cover. So what: Forest clearing erodes biodiversity and the watershed protecting tea and wetlands. Source: Bangladesh Forest Department
- social The upazila's tea estates concentrate a large, historically marginalized plantation workforce whose deprivation is masked by a near-median average wealth (RWI -0.117, national rank 187 of 452). So what: Estate workers face acute hardship behind the district's median figures. Source: Meta Data for Good Relative Wealth Index (HDX)
- climate disaster In a warming, high-rainfall basin, heat and rainfall stress press on hill tea cultivation while lowlands face haor flash-flood risk. So what: Climate stress threatens the single warming-sensitive cash crop. Source: Department of Disaster Management
Probable solutions
- Protect and restore the Lawachara-area forest through co-management and a halt to estate and settlement encroachment on natural forest. Responsible: Bangladesh Forest Department · Bangladesh Forest Department
- Enforce minimum-wage, housing, land-tenure and basic-services standards for tea-estate workers and provide off-estate schooling and skills pathways. Responsible: Ministry of Labour and Employment / Department of Labour · Ministry of Labour and Employment